“He’s got his stomach again …” The gout of the kings or rich, as the old term used to be called. Because only the wealthy could afford to eat a lavish diet that included alcohol and meat. Gout, which is a common disease in the modern world, is now more common than diabetes. According to Arzteblatt, around one-two percent of German adults are affected by it.
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What is Gout?
Gout is a metabolic condition in which excessive uric acid builds up in the blood. When purines are broken down, uric acid forms. These are the building blocks of many important substances in our bodies, such as the cells nucleus and other parts. The kidneys excrete most of the uric acids.
Uric acid is not able to dissolve in blood above a certain level. Instead, it forms crystals in different parts of the body, including joints, tendons and bursae, as well as internal organs like the kidneys.
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How does Gout develop?
Hyperuricemia, or too much uric acids in the blood, is the cause of gout. This can be caused by either too much or too little uric acid in the body. In both cases, the metabolism is disrupted. Excess uric acid crystallizes in the body and becomes a problem. This causes painful inflammation, and eventually permanent damage to joints and organs.
Hereditary primary gout is the most common type. This is when the body excretes too much uric acid. Secondary gout, which is less common, can be caused by an underlying condition, such as kidney disease or untreated diabetes. Gout can also be triggered by side effects of certain medications.
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Too much Uric Acids
Gout can also be called arthritis urica. This is the Greek term arthron, which means joint. The suffix -itis stands for inflammation. The term urica refers to uric acid or urate, or inflammation that occurs when there is too much of it in the joint.
How can I spot this?
You may not initially notice an increase in uric acid levels in your blood. It can only be detected through a blood test. It is possible to live for many years with no symptoms. You will notice symptoms if the critical concentration of crystals is exceeded.
An acute attack of gout is usually experienced at night after eating a large meal or drinking excessively. The metatarsophalangeal joints of the big toe become red and hot, making it painful to touch. This medical term is “podagra”. However, the metacarpophalangeal joint of the foot, ankle, or thumb may also be affected in an acute attack. The symptoms usually disappear within one to two weeks. The patient will usually feel better within a few weeks.
Chronic gout can develop over time if gout isn’t treated properly or not treated correctly. It manifests as chronic joint inflammation, pain during movement and pain at rest, joint remodeling and permanent damage to organs (e.g. “gouty kidney”); if uric acid crystals have deposited in the tissues, this is called “gouty Tophi”. In the ureters, uric acid crystals can form.
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Normal and high Values
The blood serum uric acid concentration depends on the age and gender. It should not exceed 6 mg/dl in women, and 7 mg/dl in men. Hyperuricemia is when the values exceed this level. Your doctor may try to lower the blood pressure if you are being treated for gout.
What can you do about Gout?
To avoid further acute attacks of Gout, and to prevent permanent damage to the organs and joints, it is essential to reduce the level of uric acid in the blood.
Healthy eating habits can help you manage gout. A low-purine diet is the order of business! Purines can be found in meat, sausage, and offal, as well as in fish, crustaceans, and legumes, and spinach. Gout patients can get special tables from their treating physician or nutritional counselor.
Your BMI should be below 25, as this will reduce excess weight and lower your blood uric acid levels. Avoid drinking alcohol, especially beer and spirits. These measures will make your metabolism more concerned about uric acid decrease. Your body needs fluids to achieve this. Drink around 2 liters of unsweetened tea or water daily. This will allow your body to eliminate more uric acid.
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Fasting is Counterproductive
Fasting is not a good cure for gout, but it should be considered carefully. Because of the rapid rise in uric acid levels due to body cells being destroyed, this is a good idea. The body also produces more ketones which block uric acid’s excretion. Therefore, it is better to lose weight slowly and steadily.
Sometimes, a simple change in diet can lead to a drop in blood uric acid levels that doesn’t require further treatment. If you are experiencing an acute attack, however, it is important to see a doctor. Your blood will be examined by the doctor. He will then decide if medication is necessary.
There are many options. You will be prescribed anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving drugs if you have an acute gout attack. In the case of severe pain, colchicine will also be prescribed. You can either apply them as an ointment or spray locally. Or you can take them as tablets. Permanent therapy will either include drugs that prevent the formation of uric acids (such as allopurinol) and drugs that promote the excretion via the kidneys (uricosuric medications such as probenecid or benzbromarone).
Avoid Acetylsalicylic Acid
Avoid taking pain relief medications containing acetylsalicylic acids as they can cause gout. It can cause a blockage in the kidneys that causes uric acid to be excreted. In extreme cases, it can even trigger an attack of gout.
Talk to your doctor. With a properly treated gout, you can live as pain-free as possible. You should have your blood uric acid levels checked on a regular basis and eat a healthy diet. Avoid extravagant feasting and drinking – your body will be grateful for it!
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